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Wrought iron danger6/1/2023 ![]() If the ore contains less than 60 percent iron, it is usually beneficiated to an iron-ore concentrate typically containing greater than 60 percent iron. Most of the processing is done in a blast furnace, in which the blast furnace first reduces the iron ore to pig iron, before subsequent reduction to steel, cast iron, and wrought iron, depending on the type of furnace it is heated - cupola furnace, puddling furnace, OH furnace.Ĭommon methods of extracting the iron ore consist of blasting, drilling, or general excavating, Most iron ore is produced from open-pit mines.īlasting in iron ore is done by putting explosives materials which are drilled into holes and fired to break and loosen intact rock, so that ore and other material can be excavated and delivered to the processing plant, a stockpile, or a waste dump.Īfter the iron ore is out of the ground, it may be shipped to the iron and steel manufacturing plant. The extraction of iron from its ore involves different stages in which the valuable minerals is first reduced from the gangue(wasteful materials), then the iron ore is calcined to a valuable metal. Metal reduction, usually followed by refining treatment. Metal recovery from ore entails three types of operations. In most cases, ores are mined and then subjected to various mechanical and chemical metallurgical processes in order to extract the metals and convert them to metallic (chemically uncombined) form. Iron ore mining sites, as well as the wastewater tailings produced by them, contain high levels of dissolved iron and particulate suspended matter, which alter the water chemistry and metal bioavailability. It is estimated that nearly 32% of iron ore extracted ends up as tailings. ![]() It generates a large amount of tailing from the beginning of extraction to the final stages, which contains various toxic metals such as Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Co, Cr, Ni, and Cd. Metal's high demand necessitates continuous mining and processing, which generates a large amount of solid and liquid waste. Īnother important mineral from which metallic iron is extracted is iron ore. Roughly 98% of iron ore on the global market is used in iron and steel production. Hematite and magnetite are the most common types of Iron ore. Iron in ore iron is most commonly found in the form of magnetite (Fe 3O 4), hematite (Fe 2O 3), goethite (FeO(OH)), limonite (FeO(OH) Iron ore is rock containing enough iron content, and in sufficient volume and accessibility to mining and transportation to be able to be economically mined. This is as a result of the release of large scale of iron ore tailings( solid wastes produced during the beneficiation process of iron ore concentrate) into the environment which are harmful to both animals and humans. The environmental impact of Iron ore mining in all its phases from excavation to beneficiation to transportation may have detrimental effects on air quality, water quality, and biological species.
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